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Worker does not work?

First open the worker's menu (the workstation, or the carrier with an empty hand) and read its status line. It usually says what is missing. A worker that cannot work also shakes its head with the "no" sound now and then when you are within 8 blocks. If the status does not help, go through this list.

What the status means

Status What to do
Waiting for wages (give them an emerald) Right-click the worker with an emerald (one per work day).
Cannot work (chest or order missing) Link the chests (lumberjack and farmer: one chest; others: an input and an output) and, at a cutter or the bench, set an order. A lumberjack also shows this when the game rule mob_griefing is off.
Waiting: cannot reach the chest Clear the front of the chest, or move it to where the worker can walk.
Waiting: cannot reach the saw / the bench / the blast furnace / the smithing table / the kiln Clear the front of the workstation.
Cannot get to the post / the fletching table / the brewing stand / the cauldron / the grindstone / the enchanting table / the smoker The worker finds no way to its workstation. Clear a path and a free spot next to it.
Waiting: chests are full Empty the output chests or link another one.
Waiting: needs an axe (give them one) Right-click the lumberjack with an axe.
Waiting: no tree found No natural tree within 24 blocks of the chopping block, or none it can reach.
Done for today The lumberjack has felled 64 logs today. It goes on tomorrow.
Waiting for material The input chests have no material for the order, or not of the selected wood types.
Waiting for material: Oak Planks The carpenter's input chests lack this ingredient (or not enough of it) for one piece.
Waiting: no recipe for the order The carpenter's bench has no recipe for the ordered product (e.g. a data pack removed it). Pick another order.
Missing 18× Oak Planks The carpenter has made what it could of an ordered product (or a stock); for the rest this much is missing in its input chests and the village chests in reach. It shows a red ! above its head until there is more.
Stock is full (16/16) The carpenter has as many products in its output chests as set. Take some out or raise the stock.
Order done Everything ordered is in the output chests. Order more in the Order tab.
Waiting: cannot carry more The carpenter's inventory is full. Make room in the input chests so it can put back what it cannot use.
Waiting for the crops to grow No ripe crops and no empty farmland within 8 blocks of the composter.
Waiting: no seeds for the empty farmland (give them some) Right-click the farmer with seeds (or carrots, potatoes).
Waiting: needs a hoe (give them one) Right-click the farmer with a hoe.
Going to bed (a guard in the morning) Guards work at night and sleep in the morning.
Waiting: no arrows (give them some) Give the guard arrows, or put arrows into its input chest or a village chest.
Waiting: needs a bow (give them one) Give the guard a bow.
Waiting: no order Pick a product at the fletching table (right-click it with an empty hand, tab Order).
Waiting for Feather (or another material) The fletcher's input chests lack it. Arrows need a head (flint, gravel, copper or iron), a stick and a feather.
No enchanting table near the lectern Place an enchanting table within 6 blocks of the librarian's lectern.
Waiting for bottles o' enchanting (10 per piece) The librarian pays with bottles o' enchanting: put some into its input chest or a village chest, or set a lower level at the lectern.
Waiting for lapis lazuli (3 per piece) Put lapis lazuli into its input chest or a village chest.
Waiting for something to enchant Its input chests hold nothing enchantable (enchanted things it leaves alone).
Waiting for Iron Ingot (or Stick, ...) The weaponsmith's input chests lack material for one piece of its order.
Waiting: no recipe for the order (weaponsmith) No crafting recipe makes the ordered tool (a data pack removed it). Pick another order.
Waiting for Leather (or Paper, Red Dye, ...) The tanner's input chests lack it. Leather can also be rabbit hide or rotten flesh; dyed armor needs the dye of the color set at the cauldron.
No water in the cauldron (needs a bucket and water nearby) Give the tanner a bucket, with water within 16 blocks of the cauldron, or fill the cauldron yourself.
Tanning, done in 3 min Rotten flesh is tanning in the cauldron and nothing else is left to do.
Waiting for Glass Bottle (or another material) The apothecary's input chests lack it: glass bottles or glass, or an ingredient of the next brewing step.
No brewing recipe leads to the order No chain of brewing steps from a water bottle makes the ordered potion (with data packs or other mods, some potions only come from other sources). Order another potion.
Waiting for blaze powder The brewing stand has no fuel left. Put blaze powder into the apothecary's input chest.
No water near the brewing stand No water within 8 blocks of the brewing stand, or no bank next to it to stand on.
Waiting: the brewing stand is in use Someone else brews at the brewing stand, or it holds items the apothecary cannot carry.
Waiting: no water near the barrel No water (at least a small pond) within 16 blocks of the barrel, or no bank next to it to stand on.
Cannot get to the water The fisher cannot walk to the bank it picked. Make a path, or move the barrel.
Waiting: needs a fishing rod (give them one) Right-click the fisher with a fishing rod.
Waiting for the herd to grow The butcher's herds are as big as set, or the young ones still have to grow up.
Waiting: no animals near the smoker No cows, pigs, chickens or rabbits within 12 blocks of the smoker.
Waiting: no feed to breed the animals (give them some) A kind has fewer animals than the herd size. Give the butcher their food (wheat, carrots, seeds, ...) or put it into an input chest.
Waiting: needs a sword or an axe (give them one) Right-click the butcher with a sword or an axe.
Waiting for the wool to grow back Every sheep around the loom is sheared, and the herd is as big as set. Sheep need grass to grow their wool back.
Waiting: no sheep near the loom No sheep within 12 blocks of the loom. Bring two and the shepherd breeds more.
Waiting: no wheat to breed the sheep (give them some) There are fewer sheep than the herd size. Right-click the shepherd with wheat, or set the herd size lower.
Waiting: needs shears (give them some) Right-click the shepherd with shears.
Waiting for something to smelt The smith's input chests have nothing the blast furnace can smelt.
Waiting for fuel Put coal, charcoal or other fuel into the smith's input chests.
Waiting for tools to repair The smith at the smithing table finds no worn tool in the village chests near it and nothing damaged in its input chests. Nothing to do.
Waiting for Iron Ingot to repair with Put the material into the input chests of the smithing table (iron ingots, diamonds, planks, ...).
Waiting for something to fire The kiln operator's input chests have nothing the kiln can fire, or nothing for the picked product.
Stock is full (16/16) at a kiln The output chests hold as many of the product as set. Take some out or raise the stock.
Waiting: no ring of string at the stake Lay a closed ring of string that touches the pit stake. The stake's overview says what is wrong with the ring.
Waiting: The pit is too big (…) and other ring problems The ring at the stake is no pit yet: too big, not closed or too uneven. Hold string to see the strings that are wrong in red. Make the ring smaller or mend it; how big a pit may be grows with the pit digger's level.
Waiting: the string ring is broken A string of the ring is gone. Put it back where it was, or lay a new closed ring at the stake.
Waiting: needs a shovel / a pickaxe / ladders (give them ...) Right-click the pit digger with it. It needs ladders once the pit is deeper than one block.
Waiting: needs planks for the floor / logs for the pillars (give them some) The pit is deeper than 8 blocks and gets storeys. Give the pit digger planks or logs, or put them into a village chest.
Waiting: needs a better pickaxe Only blocks are left that its pickaxe cannot mine (e.g. diamond ore with a stone pickaxe). Give it a better one.
Waiting: water or lava in the pit Only blocks next to water or lava are left. Remove the liquid, then it digs on.
Pit finished, some pillars stay Blocks it does not dig (builds, logs) and everything under them stay.
Waiting: cannot reach the pit at x y z It found no way to the block at these coordinates, e.g. because of pillars or steps it cannot climb. It tries again after a while.
Waiting: the ladder is blocked Something is in the ladder column or on the string above it, so the pit digger cannot climb. Clear the ladder column from the exit down to the bottom.
Waiting: the pit is not loaded Part of the ring lies in chunks that are not loaded, because no player is near enough. Stay closer to the pit.
Waiting: no tunnel picked Click Pick tunnel at the mining bench, then right-click the side of the block where the tunnel starts.
Waiting: the tunnel is too far from players (not loaded) The end of the tunnel lies in chunks that are not loaded. Go closer, the miner goes on by itself.
Waiting: the tunnel is blocked at x y z A block the miner does not dig (planks, rails, a chest of a mineshaft, bricks) is in the way. Take it away.
Waiting: needs cobblestone to seal off water or lava Give the miner some cobblestone. Afterwards it keeps 16 of what it digs.
Tunnel finished Make the tunnel longer with +, or pick a new one.
Waiting for goods to sell The shop assistant's input chests are empty.
Waiting: nobody nearby buys these goods No villager with a job within 24 blocks of the trading counter buys anything from the input chests for emeralds. Check their trades, or put other goods in.
Waiting: the buyers are sold out until they restock The buyers' trades are used up. Villagers restock at their workstation during the day.
Nothing to carry, strolling around All sources of the carrier are empty, or the targets are full.
Stuck: cannot get anywhere The worker is in a hole, boxed in or behind a fence. After a minute it is brought back to its workstation (a carrier: to the source of its first route). If it stays stuck, clear a free spot next to the workstation or dig it out.
Sleeping, Free time, Chatting ... Not work time. Workers work from the morning to the afternoon.

Checklist

Every worker

  • Is it work time? Workers only work from the morning to the afternoon. At other times the status shows sleeping, free time, ...
  • Does it carry an emerald? The menu shows its emeralds next to the status. If not, right-click the worker with emeralds.
  • Can it reach the chests? Workers walk to the front of a chest. Blocked fronts, fences, water or big height differences stop them.
  • Thrown items stay on the ground? Workers only pick up thrown items while the game rule mob_griefing is on, and only what they still want. Right-click the worker with them instead.
  • Still assigned? The menu of the workstation shows its worker; Free means nobody works there. A free station within 48 blocks is taken by the next hired villager without a job; use Assign to pick one.

Lumberjack

  • At least one chest linked.
  • It carries an axe (right-click it with one).
  • Natural trees within 24 blocks of the chopping block. Trees with player-placed leaves or on stone are ignored.
  • Game rule mob_griefing is on.
  • Not already at 64 logs today.

Sawyer, stone sawyer, carpenter

  • An order is set (the order box below the result slot is not empty).
  • At least one input and one output chest.
  • The input chest has material for the order of the selected wood types.
  • Carpenter: the stock limit is not reached yet. For a carpenter the material of all input chests together must be enough for at least one piece.

Farmer

  • At least one chest linked (right-click the composter with an empty hand).
  • It carries an emerald and a hoe.
  • Farmland with crops within 8 blocks of the composter. The farmer does not till.
  • Seeds for empty farmland (right-click it with some).

Fisher

  • A chest linked (the Chests tab above the barrel screen).
  • It carries an emerald and a fishing rod.
  • Water within 16 blocks of the barrel, with a bank it can stand on.
  • For boat trips: a boat, open water (7 × 7, two deep) within 32 blocks, and Row out in a boat switched on.

Butcher

  • An output chest linked (the Chests tab above the smoker screen).
  • It carries an emerald and a sword or an axe.
  • Animals within 12 blocks of the smoker, close enough to the fence to reach them (3 blocks).
  • Feed, if it should breed them; coal or charcoal, if it should smoke the meat.

Shepherd

  • At least one chest linked (the Chests tab above the loom screen).
  • It carries an emerald and shears.
  • Sheep within 12 blocks of the loom, close enough to the fence to reach them (3 blocks).
  • Wheat, if it should breed them.

Smith

  • An input and an output chest linked (the Chests tab above the blast furnace screen).
  • Something to smelt and fuel in the input chests.
  • At a smithing table: an input chest linked, with the repair material in it.

Pit digger

  • The overview shows the size of the pit: the ring of string is closed and touches the stake. Hold string to see the pit's outline, or the strings that are wrong in red.
  • At least one chest linked.
  • It carries a shovel, a pickaxe and ladders; for a pit deeper than 8 blocks also planks and logs.
  • Not already at 160 blocks today.

Kiln operator

  • An input and an output chest linked (the Chests tab above the kiln screen).
  • Something the kiln fires and fuel in the input chests. With a product picked, only what makes that product counts.

Shop assistant

  • An input and an output chest linked.
  • Villagers with jobs within 24 blocks of the trading counter whose trades buy the goods for emeralds (not hired workers, not nitwits).

Carrier

  • At least one route.
  • Something is in a source, and the target has room for it.
  • The carrier still has its basket (it shows on the villager).

Still stuck?

Please report it with a screenshot of the menu and your setup, see Beta notes.